1997 ATP Surface Speed Ratings

My surface-speed metric uses ace rate--adjusted for the servers and returners in each match--to rate each tournament by surface speed. Thus, the number indirectly accounts for everything that influenced play: temperature, humidity, wind, balls, and of course the physical surface.

Ratings greater than 1 are faster than average. For example, a rating of 1.25 indicates that the players hit 25% more aces than they would have on a tour-average surface.

Click here for the most recent ratings, or choose another season:

Date	Tournament	Surface	Ace%	Surface Speed
03-Mar-1997	Rotterdam	Carpet	17.8%	1.53
27-Jan-1997	Zagreb	Carpet	17.1%	1.49
24-Feb-1997	Milan	Carpet	14.9%	1.44
10-Mar-1997	Copenhagen	Carpet	14.8%	1.39
03-Nov-1997	Moscow	Carpet	12.5%	1.37
09-Jun-1997	Halle	Grass	14.9%	1.35
06-Oct-1997	Singapore	Carpet	12.8%	1.35
10-Feb-1997	Marseille	Hard	12.3%	1.34
07-Jul-1997	Newport	Grass	12.2%	1.33
27-Jan-1997	Shanghai	Carpet	8.5%	1.30
03-Nov-1997	Stockholm	Hard	13.1%	1.30
13-Oct-1997	Ostrava	Carpet	12.4%	1.27
17-Feb-1997	Memphis	Hard	11.4%	1.27
10-Mar-1997	Indian Wells Masters	Hard	11.8%	1.25
06-Oct-1997	Vienna	Carpet	16.4%	1.23
10-Nov-1997	Tour Finals	Hard	11.3%	1.22
27-Oct-1997	Paris Masters	Carpet	12.8%	1.22
13-Oct-1997	Lyon	Carpet	12.1%	1.21
14-Jul-1997	Washington	Hard	9.0%	1.20
22-Sep-1997	Toulouse	Hard	12.9%	1.19
11-Aug-1997	Indianapolis	Hard	9.3%	1.17
16-Jun-1997	Nottingham	Grass	12.1%	1.16
20-Oct-1997	Stuttgart Masters	Carpet	11.5%	1.12
11-Aug-1997	New Haven	Hard	10.3%	1.11
18-Aug-1997	Boston	Hard	8.7%	1.11
18-Aug-1997	Long Island	Hard	10.4%	1.11
04-Aug-1997	Cincinnati Masters	Hard	10.4%	1.08
07-Apr-1997	Chennai	Hard	10.3%	1.08
07-Jul-1997	Gstaad	Clay	8.6%	1.08
29-Sep-1997	Basel	Carpet	12.2%	1.08
08-Sep-1997	Tashkent	Hard	9.5%	1.06
03-Nov-1997	Santiago	Clay	7.4%	1.06
17-Mar-1997	St. Petersburg	Carpet	10.6%	1.04
17-Feb-1997	Antwerp	Hard	9.8%	1.02
29-Sep-1997	Beijing	Hard	9.8%	1.02
28-Jul-1997	Canada Masters	Hard	10.6%	1.01
20-Oct-1997	Mexico City	Clay	5.7%	1.01
30-Dec-1996	Doha	Hard	8.3%	1.00
10-Feb-1997	Dubai	Hard	9.9%	0.98
28-Apr-1997	Atlanta	Clay	8.3%	0.97
25-Aug-1997	US Open	Hard	8.7%	0.97
07-Jul-1997	Bastad	Clay	6.9%	0.95
05-May-1997	Coral Springs	Clay	7.2%	0.95
14-Jul-1997	Stuttgart Outdoor	Clay	7.3%	0.95
28-Jul-1997	Amsterdam	Clay	6.8%	0.94
27-Oct-1997	Bogota	Clay	6.6%	0.94
03-Mar-1997	Scottsdale	Hard	9.0%	0.94
17-Mar-1997	Miami Masters	Hard	8.5%	0.93
04-Aug-1997	San Marino	Clay	6.0%	0.93
09-Jun-1997	Queen's Club	Grass	11.5%	0.93
23-Jun-1997	Wimbledon	Grass	9.4%	0.93
24-Feb-1997	Philadelphia	Hard	9.2%	0.92
21-Jul-1997	Los Angeles	Hard	10.4%	0.91
30-Dec-1996	Adelaide	Hard	8.0%	0.90
10-Feb-1997	San Jose	Hard	11.0%	0.89
08-Sep-1997	Marbella	Clay	6.7%	0.89
16-Jun-1997	Rosmalen	Grass	10.0%	0.89
07-Apr-1997	Hong Kong	Hard	7.8%	0.87
06-Jan-1997	Auckland	Hard	7.5%	0.86
08-Sep-1997	Bournemouth	Clay	4.8%	0.84
13-Jan-1997	Australian Open	Hard	7.4%	0.82
21-Apr-1997	Orlando	Clay	6.5%	0.80
09-Jun-1997	Bologna	Clay	6.2%	0.79
29-Sep-1997	Palermo	Clay	4.6%	0.78
12-May-1997	Rome Masters	Clay	8.0%	0.78
21-Jul-1997	Kitzbuhel	Clay	5.8%	0.77
21-Jul-1997	Umag	Clay	5.1%	0.77
19-May-1997	St. Poelten	Clay	6.5%	0.77
28-Apr-1997	Munich	Clay	8.1%	0.77
14-Apr-1997	Barcelona	Clay	5.4%	0.76
06-Jan-1997	Sydney Outdoor	Hard	7.0%	0.75
14-Apr-1997	Tokyo	Hard	7.9%	0.75
05-May-1997	Hamburg Masters	Clay	5.8%	0.74
26-May-1997	Roland Garros	Clay	6.4%	0.72
22-Sep-1997	Bucharest	Clay	4.7%	0.66
19-May-1997	Dusseldorf	Clay	6.5%	0.62
28-Apr-1997	Prague	Clay	4.5%	0.57
21-Apr-1997	Monte Carlo Masters	Clay	4.9%	0.56
07-Apr-1997	Estoril	Clay	2.9%	0.54
24-Mar-1997	Casablanca	Clay	3.9%	0.44

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1997 ATP Surface Speed Ratings